Emphasizing the importance of prudent antibiotic use decreases unrealistic perceptions of new antibiotic discoveries

Author(s)
Rian Gross, Elisabeth D C Sievert, Lars Korn, Marie Juanchich, Miroslav Sirota, Cornelia Betsch, Robert Böhm
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The 2024 discovery of a new class of antibiotics is cause for cautious celebration. However, media coverage of this discovery shows overstated optimism, potentially leading to a false sense of safety in the general public.

OBJECTIVES: We investigated whether informing participants about the discovery of new antibiotics changes their perceptions of new antibiotics as a solution to antimicrobial resistance and their expectations for receiving antibiotics for a hypothetical illness.

METHODS: In two preregistered online experiments, participants read a fictional newspaper article. In the

Optimistic news condition, participants read about antimicrobial resistance and the discovery of new antibiotics. In the

Cautious news condition, they additionally received a message about the importance of prudent antibiotic use. In the

Control condition, participants read about antimicrobial resistance only. In Study 1 (

n  = 404), participants encountered the article in a hypothetical doctor's consultation and indicated their expectations to receive antibiotics before and after reading the article, as well as their perception of the new antibiotics. Study 2 (

n  = 443) was a partial replication in a neutral context, independent of a doctor's consultation.

RESULTS: Antibiotic expectations decreased in all conditions after reading the article, which always provided information about antimicrobial resistance. However, unrealistic perceptions to solve antimicrobial resistance were higher in the

Optimistic news condition (versus

Control). This negative effect was mitigated in the

Cautious news condition.

CONCLUSIONS: News about the development of new antibiotics can influence public perceptions about antimicrobial resistance. Balanced communication is important to prevent a false sense of safety.

Organisation(s)
Department of Occupational, Economic and Social Psychology
External organisation(s)
Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Essex, University of Copenhagen
Journal
JAC-antimicrobial resistance
Volume
7
Pages
dlaf034
ISSN
2632-1823
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1093/jacamr/dlaf034
Publication date
04-2025
Peer reviewed
Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012
501021 Social psychology
Portal url
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/6b25c502-e9cc-4cc5-b830-868cc52ea2d4