Communicating diagnostic uncertainty reduces expectations of receiving antibiotics

Author(s)
Elisabeth D C Sievert, Lars Korn, Marina Gross, Ana Paula Santana, Robert Böhm, Cornelia Betsch
Abstract

The overprescription of antibiotics due to diagnostic uncertainty and inappropriate patient expectations influence antimicrobial resistance. This research assesses (i) whether communicating diagnostic uncertainty reduces expectations of receiving antibiotics and (ii) which communication strategies minimise unintended consequences of such communication. In two experimental online studies conducted in January and April 2023, participants read a vignette describing a doctor consultation for an ear infection and expressed their expectations of receiving antibiotics, trust in their doctor, rated the doctor's reputation and provided their intention to get a second doctor's opinion. Study 1 (N = 2213) investigated whether communicating diagnostic uncertainty and social externalities of antibiotic use (the negative social impacts of developing antibiotic resistance) decreases expectations for antibiotics and explores potential unintended consequences on the doctor-patient relationship. In Study 2 (N = 527), we aimed to replicate and extend the findings by adding specific treatment recommendations. Disclosing diagnostic uncertainty (vs. certainty) and communicating (vs. not communicating) the social externalities of antibiotic overuse reduced patients' expectations of receiving antibiotics. Yet, communicating uncertainty impaired trust in the doctor and the doctor's reputation. Combining the communication of uncertainty with specific treatment recommendations-particularly delayed antibiotic prescriptions-showed important to prevent these unintended consequences.

Organisation(s)
Department of Occupational, Economic and Social Psychology
External organisation(s)
Universität Erfurt, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Copenhagen
Journal
Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being
Volume
16
Pages
1459-1478
No. of pages
20
ISSN
1758-0846
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12536
Publication date
2024
Peer reviewed
Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012
501021 Social psychology
Keywords
ASJC Scopus subject areas
Applied Psychology
Portal url
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/communicating-diagnostic-uncertainty-reduces-expectations-of-receiving-antibiotics(c185fd2c-23d9-4d80-be8d-6cea64e21185).html