Registered Replication Report

Author(s): Braeden Hall, Kathleen Schmidt, Jordan Wagge, Savannah C. Lewis, Sophia C. Weissgerber, Felix Kiunke, Gerit Pfuhl, Stefan Stieger, Ulrich S. Tran, Krystian Barzykowski, Natalia Bogatyreva, Marta Kowal, Karl IJn Massar, Felizitas Pernerstofer, Piotr Sorokowski, Martin Voracek, Christopher R. Chartier, Mark J. Brandt, Jon E. Grahe, Asil A. Özdoğru, Michael R. Andreychik, Sau Chin Chen, Thomas R. Evans, Caro Hautekiet, Hans IJzerman, Pavol Kačmár, Anthony J. Krafnick, Erica D. Musser, Evie Vergauwe, Kaitlyn M. Werner, Balazs Aczel, Patrícia Arriaga, Carlota Batres, Jennifer L. Beaudry, Florian Cova, Simona Ďurbisová, Leslie D. Cramblet Alvarez, Gilad Feldman, Hendrik Godbersen, Jaroslav Gottfried, Gerald J. Haeffel, Andree Hartanto, Chris Isloi, Joseph P. McFall, Marina Milyavskaya, David Moreau, Ester Nosáľová, Kostas Papaioannou, Susana Ruiz-Fernandez, Jana Schrötter, Daniel Storage, Kevin Vezirian, Leonhard Volz, Yanna J. Weisberg, Qinyu Xiao, Dana Awlia, Hannah W. Branit, Megan R. Dunn, Agata Groyecka-Bernard, Ricky Haneda, Julita Kielinska, Caroline Kolle, Paweł Lubomski, Alexys M. Miller, Martin J. Mækelæ, Mytro Pantazi, Rafael R. Ribeiro, Robert M. Ross, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Christopher L. Aberson, Xanthippi Alexi Vassiliou, Bradley J. Baker, Miklos Bognar, Chin Wen Cong, Alex F. Danvers, William E. Davis, Vilius Dranseika, Andrei Dumbravă, Harry Farmer, Andy P. Field, Patrick S. Forscher, Aurélien Graton, Nandor Hajdu, Peter A. Howlett, Radosław Kabut, Emmett M. Larsen, Sean T.H. Lee, Nicole Legate, Carmel A. Levitan, Neil Levy, Jackson G. Lu, Michał Misiak, Roxana E. Morariu, Jennifer Novak, Ekaterina Pronizius, Irina Prusova, Athulya S. Rathnayake, Marina O. Romanova, Jan P. Röer, Waldir M. Sampaio, Christoph Schild, Michael Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Ian D. Stephen, Peter Szecsi, Elizabeth Takacs, Julia N. Teeter, Elian H. Thiele-Evans, Julia Valeiro-Paterlini, Iris Vilares, Louise Villafana, Ke Wang, Raymond Wu, Sara Álvarez-Solas, Hannah Moshontz, Erin M. Buchanan
Abstract: According to the justified true belief (JTB) account of knowledge, people can truly know something only if they have a belief that is both justified and true (i.e., knowledge is JTB). This account was challenged by Gettier, who argued that JTB does not explain knowledge attributions in certain situations, later called “Gettier-type cases,” wherein protagonists are justified in believing something to be true, but their belief was correct only because of luck. Laypeople may not attribute knowledge to protagonists with justified but only luckily true beliefs. Although some research has found evidence for these so-called Gettier intuitions, Turri et al. found no evidence that participants attributed knowledge in a counterfeit-object Gettier-type case differently than in a matched case of JTB. In a large-scale, cross-cultural conceptual replication of Turri and colleagues’ Experiment 1 (N = 4,724) using a within-participants design and three vignettes across 19 geopolitical regions, we did find evidence for Gettier intuitions; participants were 1.86 times more likely to attribute knowledge to protagonists in standard cases of JTB than to protagonists in Gettier-type cases. These results suggest that Gettier intuitions may be detectable across different scenarios and cultural contexts. However, the size of the Gettier intuition effect did vary by vignette, and the Turri et al. vignette produced the smallest effect, which was similar in size to that observed in the original study. Differences across vignettes suggest that epistemic intuitions may also depend on contextual factors unrelated to the criteria of knowledge, such as the characteristics of the protagonist being evaluated.
Organisation(s): Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Department of Occupational, Economic and Social Psychology
External organisation(s): Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Ashland University, Avila University, University of Alabama, Universität Kassel, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Karl Landsteiner Privatuniversität für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, University of Oxford, University of Wrocław, Maastricht University Medical Center, Michigan State University, Pacific Lutheran University, Marmara University, Üsküdar University, Fairfield University, Tzu-Chi University, University of Greenwich, Université de Genève, University of Grenoble Alpes, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75005, France., Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Dominican University, Florida International University, University of Toronto, Eötvös Loránd University Budapest, Iscte-University Institute of Lisbon , Franklin & Marshall College, Flinders University, Swinburne University of Technology, University of Denver, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, FOM University of Applied Sciences, Masaryk University, University of Notre Dame, Singapore Management University, Independent researcher, University of Rochester, Carleton University Ottawa, University of Auckland, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg (BTU), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Linfield University, Illinois Institute of Technology, Adams State University, Macquarie University, Humboldt State University, Temple University, Philadelphia, University of Arizona, Wittenberg University, Institutul de Boli Cardiovasculare Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Iasi, Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza“ Iași, University of Sussex, Busara Center for Behavioral Economics, Université Savoie-Mont-Blanc, State University of New York, Fredonia, State University of New York, Stony Brook, James Cook University in Singapore, Occidental College, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Babeș-Bolyai University, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Higher School of Economics School of Psychology, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Universität Münster, Universität Bern, Nottingham Trent University, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, University of Virginia, University of British Columbia (UBC), Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Harrisburg University of Science and Technology
Journal: Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science
Volume: 7
ISSN: 2515-2459
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459241267902
Publication date: 10-2024
Peer reviewed: Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012: 501021 Social psychology
Keywords
ASJC Scopus subject areas: General Psychology
Portal url: https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/7dc00892-7925-4df3-aa10-efb7544b8d06